(核心素养测评)四必修1Unit4Earthquakes含解析.docx

核心素养测评四必修1Unit4Earthquakes（限时35分钟）I.阅读理解AWiththeundeniableincreaseingreenhouseemissionsonEarth,therecanbenodoubtthattheearthisbecomingwarmer,andscientificstudieshaveproventhatifwecarryonlivingthewaywedo,thenglobaltemperatureswillriseevenmore.Sowhatexactlydoesthismeanforthefutureofourplanet?Globalwarmingwillinfactcauseextremeweatherconditions,meaningthatourwinterswouldbeevencolderthantheyarenow.Morethanthat,warmertemperatureswillleadtothemeltingoficeinthenorthandsouthpoles,whichinturnwillleadtorisingsealevelsacrosstheglobe.Thisisparticularlytroublingforlowcoastalregionsandsomeislandcountries.In1000yearsorso,alltheseplaceswillbefloodedunderwater.Sowherewillwebeabletolive?Unlesswecanfindawaytoevolveintomermaidsandmermen,whichdoesn,tlookpromising,theonlysolutionistomoveelsewhere.Therewillbelittlechoiceleftoncealargeproportionofthelandislosttothesea,andotherremainingplaceswillbesohotthatitwillbeabsolutelyimpossibleforustosurvive.Countriesthatweconsidertobehotthesedayswillbeevenmoresoiftemperaturesincreaseby5,10,even15degrees.Itispossible,then,thattheoncefrozenpolesoftheArcticandAntarcticawillbesuitableenoughtolivein,havingmelteditsiceandwarmedup.It'sscarytothinkofourdescendents（后代）strugglingtosurviveinavirtuallyuninhabitableworld.Perhapsifpeoplestarttorealizehowtheiractionsnowcanhavesuchanimpactonfuturegenerations,theywillchangetheirattitudeandstarttothinkmoreaboutcaringfortheenvironment.Ifnot,we,11belivinginaworldunderwaterandwillneedtothinkofawaytoturnourselvesintomermaids!【文章大意】如果不改变我们现在的生活方式，地球温度将继续上升，导致海水上涨，低海拔地区将被淹没，其他地区也将热得无法生存，人们不得不进化成“美人鱼”！1. Whataboutourplanetin1000yearsaccordingtothetext?.Therewillbemorewater.B. Winterwillbecomemild.C. 1.ow-lyingislandswilldisappear.D. Sealevelswillriseinthepolarregions.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，如果气温继续上升，大约100O年后，低海拔的沿海地区将被水淹没。故选C。2. WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?.Hotplacestodaywillbecomecolder.B. Humansmightevolveintomermaids.C. Fewerplaceswillbesuitabletolive.D. Theearthwillbetotallycoveredbywater.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据笫三段内容可知，气候持续变暖会导致海平面上升，淹没大部分地区，适合人们居住的空间越来越小。C选项符合题意。3. Whatdoestheauthorappealtopeopletodo?A. Carefortheenvironment.B. 1.earntolivelikeamermaid.C. Takegoodcareofourchildren.D. Struggleforoursurvival.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段中"theywillchangetheirattitudeandstarttothinkmoreaboutcaringfortheenvironment,可知，作者写这篇文章主要想让人们改变态度，多考虑关心环境。A选项符合题意。4. Whichwordcandescribetheauthor,sattitudetowardsglobalwarming?A.Optimistic.B.Worried.C.Terrified.D.Unconcerned.【解析】选Bo观点态度题。根据文章内容以及最后一段中"It'sscarytothinkofourdescendentsstrugglingtosurviveinavirtuallyuninhabitableworld.“可知，作者对目前的气候变化给人类带来的灾难感到忧虑。故选B。SCary作形容词，意为“使人惊慌的”。【知识拓展】佳词积累1. temperaturen.温度；气温2. extremeadj.极端的3. meltv.融化4. particularlyadv.尤其;特别地5. absolutelyadv.绝对地；完全地6. generationn,一代；一代人7. impactn.&v.影响B(2020乌鲁木齐模拟)Artificialintelligence(AI)technologymaysoonbeausefultoolfordoctors.Itmayhelpthembetterunderstandandtreatdiseaseslikebreastcancerinwaysthatwereneverbeforepossible.RishiRawatteachesAlattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia,s(USC)ClinicalScienceCenterin1.osAngeles.HeispartofateamofscientistswhoareresearchinghowAlandmachinelearningcanmoreeasilyrecognizecancerousgrowthsinthebreast.Rawatprovidesinformationaboutcancercellsforacomputer.Hesaysthisdatahelpsthemachinelearn."Youcanputthedataintocomputersandtheywilllearnthepatternsandthepatternrecognitionisimportanttomakingdecisions.”DavidAgusisanotherUSCresearcher.Hesaysmachinesarenotgoingtotaketheplaceofdoctors,Compu1.erswillnottreatpatients,buttheywillhelpmakecertaindecisionsandlookforthingsthatthehumanbraincan,trecognizebyitself.Onceaconfirmedcancerousgrowthisremoved,doctorsstillhavetotreatthepatienttoreducetheriskofcancerreturning.Theformoftreatmentdependsonthekindofcancer.”Currently,researcherstakeathinpieceoftissue,putitonasmallpieceofglassandaddcolortobetterseethecells.Thatprocesscouldtakedaysorevenlonger.Scientistssayartificialintelligencecandosomethingbetterthanjustcountcells.Throughmachinelearning,itcanrecognizecomplexpatterns,orstructures,andlearnhowthecellsareorganized.Thehopeisthatmachineswillsoonbeabletomakeaquickidentificationofcancerthatisfreeofhumanmistakes."Allofasudden,wehavethecomputingpowertoreallydoitinrealtime.Wecouldn,thavedonethis,wedidn,thavethecomputingpowertodothisseveralyearsago,butnowit,sallchanged."Agusaddsthattheprocesscouldbedoneforalmostnocostinthedevelopingworld.Hesaysthathavingalargeamountofinformationaboutpatientsisimportantforamachinetoeffectivelydoitsjobinmedicine.TheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniaresearchersarenowonlystudyingbreastcancer.Butdoctorspredictartificialintelligencewillonedaymakeadifferenceinallformsofcancer.【文章大意】本文是一篇科普文章。文章介绍人工智能，并解释了它在治疗癌症中的作用，希望机器很快就能快速识别出没有人类错误的癌症。5.InRishiRawat,Sresearch,.thedataputintocomputerscontributestocancerrecognition8. manycancersarebeingstudiedatthemoment9. machinelearninghasreplaceddoctors,work10. thefocusisonthecureforcancer【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中Rawatprovidesinformationaboutcanc