2024年全球合作晴雨表WEF_The_Global_Cooperation_Barometer_2024-英.docx

WQRLDECONOMICFQRUMIncollaborationwithMcKinsey&CompanyTheGlobalCooperationBarometer2024INSIGHTREPORTJANUARY2024Images:GettyImagesContentsForeword3AbouttheGlobalCooperationBarometer4Executivesummary6Introduction:Thestateofglobalcooperation7Fivepillarsofglobaloperation9Pillar1Tradeandcapital9Pillar2Innovationandtechnology11Pillar3Climateandnaturalcapital13Pillar4Healthandwellness15Pillar5Peaceandsecurity17Conclusion:Towardsamoreoperativefuture19Appendix:Sourcesandmethodology20Contributors22Endnotes23DisclaimerThisdocumentispublishedbytheWorldEnomicForumasacontributiontoaproject,insightareaorinteraction.Thefindings,interpretationsandndusionsexpressedhereinarearesultofacollat>orativeprocessfacilitatedandendorsedbytheWorldEomicForumbutwhoseresultsdonotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewsoftheWorldEconomicForum,northeentiretyofitsMembers,Partnersorotherstakeholders.©2024WorldEconomicForum.Allrightsreserved.NopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedOrtransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans,includingphotocopyingandrerding,orbyanyinformationstorageandretrievalsystem.January 2024TheGlobalCooperationBarometer2024ForewordBob Sternfels Global Managing Partner, McKinsey & CompanyBorgeBrendePresident,WorldEconomicForum Leaders in business and government will need to recognize where the contours of opposition end and those of alignment begin to navigate through the geopolitical turbulence and also to shape a more cooperative future.ThelaunchoftheGlobalCooperationBarometercomesatthestartofacrucialyear,amidaperiodofimmensegeopolitical,geo-economicandmarketuncertainty,whenthebedrockofwhatwasonceastableglobalsystemisshiftingunderfoot.Leadersinthepublicandprivatesectorswillneedtogainfluencyinthedynamicsdrivingthechangestonotjuststabilizetheirposition,buttobeequippedtoshapeabeneficialfuture.Itisnosecretthatthecurrentglobalcontextisconcerning,asheightenedcompetitionandconflictappeartobereplacingcooperation.Theresultisthatnewpowerdynamics,changingdemographicrealitiesandbreakthroughfrontiertechnologiesareraisingthetemperatureonlong-simmeringdistrustratherthanfuelingopportunitiesforbenefit.Manybusinessesarerespondingtothesecomplicated-andoftenfraught-geopoliticaldevelopmentsbyshiftingoperationsandfacilitiesclosertohome.Yet,althoughtheworldisheadingtowardsadangerousdividebysomemeasures,elsewherethereareprospectsforandprogressoncooperativearrangements.Forinstance,forthefirsttimesincecountriesbeganmeetingtoaddressglobalwarming,anagreementwasreachedattheCOP28climatechangeconferenceontransitioningawayfromfossilfuels.Thatcooperationandconfrontationcancoexistshouldnotcomeasasurprise.Historyisrepletewithpartiesatoddswithoneanother,butstillseekingopportunitiesforcollaboration.Notably,attheheightoftheColdWar,theUnitedStatesandtheSovietUnioncoordinatedoneradicatingsmallpoxandaddressingtheozonelayerintheatmosphere.Andmanycompaniesthatcompetewithoneanotheralsofindwaystocooperateinareasofmutualbenefit.Itiswithintoday,scomplexgeopoliticalcontextthatgaininganunderstandingoftheshapeofglobalcooperation-andcompetition-isvital.Leadersinbusinessandgovernmentwillneedtorecognizewherethecontoursofoppositionendandthoseofalignmentbegintonavigatethroughthegeopoliticalturbulenceandalsotoshapeamorecooperativefuture.ItisforthisreasonthattheWorldEconomicForumandMcKinsey&CompanydevelopedtheGlobalCooperationBarometer.Thepurposeofthisanalysis,whichuses42indicatorstomeasurethestateofglobalcooperationbroadlyandalongfiveareas,istohelpstakeholdersinbusinessandgovernmentgainabetterunderstandingofthenatureofcooperationthatis,orisnot,takingplace.OurhopeisthattheGlobalCooperationBarometerwillofferstakeholdersatooltouseinshapingahealthier,moreprosperousandmoresustainableworldintheyearaheadandbeyond.AbouttheGlobalCooperationBarometerTheGlobalCooperationBarometerisstructuredalongfivedimensionsofglobalconnection:tradeandcapital,innovationandtechnology,climateandnaturalcapital,healthandwellness,andpeaceandsecurity.Thesefivepillarswerechosenbecauseoftheirimpactonglobaldevelopmentandtheirexplicitdependenceoncooperativeeffortsamongnationsandeconomies.Asaguidingelementintheanalysis,thebarometeridentifiedgoalsthatactorsareworkingtowardineachofthesethemes.Indoingso,thebarometerdrawsinspirationfromtheUnitedNationsSustainableDevelopmentGoalsandtheeffortsofotherglobalinstitutions.Toquantifychangeinthesepillars,42indicatorswereidentifiedthatresearchsuggestsareeithercooperativeactionsthatadvanceprogressonthegoalsofthepillarsordemonstrateabroadoutcomefromthoseactions.Cooperativeactionmetricsmeasureactionsthatprovideevidenceofoperation;theseindicators(suchasflowsofgoodsandexchangeofintellectualproperty)areevidenceofreal,manifestedcooperationanddonotinclude“onpaper”commitments.Otmemetrics(suchaslifeexpectancy)measuretheprogressofcooperation,buttypicallyareinfluencedbyadditionalfactorsbeyondjustcperation.Themetricsspancountriesinallgeogra