HND 财政预算报告 你不过我从此消失!.docx

AHnancialanalysisreportforTricolplcOutcome3and4Class;10E6NamezMabodaSCN:125099297CandidateNum:22IntroductionTooperatebetterinfinancialaspect,themanagementofTricolplcaskedmetoanalyzetheirfinancialconditionthenmakerecommendationsforthem.FindingsPartA(i)FlexbudgetinlinewithactualactivityTricolplcFlexedBudgetforJuneOriginalbudgetFlexedbudgetActualresultsVariance2000units1600units1600unitsF/A££££Directmaterial80,00064,00061,6002,400FDirectlabor36,00028,80035,2006,400AVariableproductionoverhead4,0003,2003,2000FixedcostDepreciation1,5001,5001,5000Rentandrates2,5002,5002,5000Administrationoverhead2,0002,0002,200200AInsurancecosts2,2002,2002,400200ATotal128.200104.2(M)108.6004.40。A(ii)VariancescalculationDireCtmaterialtotalvariance(Standardunitsofactualproduction*standardprice)(actualquantity*actualprice)(4kg*1,600*£10)-£61,600=£2,40O(F)Rateofsignificance:(3.75%)DileClmaterialIISageVarianCeStandardprice*(standardunitsofactualproduction-actualquantity)£10*(4kgxl,600)-5,6OOkg=£8,(XM)(F)Rateofsignificance(12.5%)DireClmaterialDriCeVarianCeActualquantity*(standardprice-actualprice)5,600kg*f10-(£61,600/5,600kg)=£(5,600)（八）Rateofsignificance:(8.75%)DireCIlabOUrtotalVarianCe(Standardhoursofactualproduction*standardrateph)-(actualhours*actualrateph)(2hrs*1,600)*£9-£35,200=£(6,400)（八）Rateofsignificance:(22.22%)DireCIlabourefficiencyVarianCeStandardrateph*(standardhoursofactualproduction-actualhours)£9*(2hrs*1,6-3,520hrs)=(2,880)（八）Rateofsignificance:(10%)DireCIlaboUrratevarianceActualhours*(standardrateph-actualrateph)3,520hrs*(£9*一£35,200/3,520hrs)=£(3,520)（八）Rateofsignificance:(12.22%)TotalOVerheadVarianCeTotalstandardoverheadforactualproductiontotalactualoverheads(£18,000/12+£2,500+£2,200+£2,000)-(£1,500+£2,500+£2,200÷£2,400)二£(400)（八）Rateofsignificance:(3.5%)(111) Reportaboutvariances令DirectmaterialvarianceThedirectmaterialtotalvariancecanbeanalyzedintwoaspectswhicharedirectmaterialvolumeanddirectmaterialprice.Forvolumeside,ascalculatedabove,thebudgetvolumeis6400kg;theactualvolumeis5600kg.Sothereis800kgvariancewhichisfavorableandeachunitvarianceis0.5kg.Thelikelyreasoncausingthevariancecomesfromthreeaspects.Firstofall,thecompanyupgradedtheproductionmachineryrecently,andnewmachinemayusematerialsefficiently,soitreducedthewasteofmaterials.Secondly,thecompanyswitchedsuppliersandusinghigher-gradematerialscandecreasewasteofmaterialstoo.Finally,thecompanyhasconcludedahigher-than-expectedwagesettlementforproductionoperatives,whichwillmaintainemployeeswithhigherskillsaswellasdecreaseturnoverofemployees,anditalsocanincreaseefficiencyinusingmaterials.Forpriceaspect,thebudgetpriceis£10perkg,andtheactualpriceis£11perkg,itisadversethatonepoundoverthebudgetprice.Thecompanyswitchingsuppliersmaycausetheincreaseofnegotiationcost.Theremaybealong-termrelationshipbetweenTricolplcanditsoldsuppliers,sothesuppliersmaytakelotsofdiscountstothefirm.Afterchangingsuppliers,thediscountmaydisappear.Furthermore,highergradematerialsincreasedunitprice.Overall,thetotalmaterialvarianceisfavorable.£8,000£5,600=£2,400.÷DirectlabourvarianceThedirectlabourtotalvarianceiscomposedofdirectlabourefficiencyvarianceanddirectlabourratevariance.Thebudgetdirectlabourhoursare3,200hrsandtheactuallabourhoursare3,520hrs.Therearemore320hrsneededthanthebudget,andeachunitis0.2hrs,whichitisobviouslyadverse.Thecompanyupgradingtheproductionmachinerymayneedtimeforemployeestoadoptit.Also,employeesneedtrainingtime.Therebuildprocessofmachineryconsumedtimetoo.Inaword,thechargeablehourshaveincreased.ThebudgetdirectIaourhoursrateis£9perhour,theactualhoursrateis£10perhour.Itisadversethatonepoundhigherthanbudgeted.Itispossiblecausedbybothinternalandexternalfactors.Higher-than-expectedwagesettlementmaybeinternalreasonforthevariance,andnewmachinerymaybeneededtorecruitnewemployeestooperatethemachinery,whichalsocanincreasetheexpense.Forexternalfactors,thechangingoflabourmarketmayincreaselabourcost;thegovernmentlegislationalsocanincreasethelabourcost,forexampleminimumpay.Bothdirectlabourefficiencyanddirectlabourratevariancesareadverse,sothedirectlabourtotalvarianceisadverse.令OverheadvarianceAscalculatedabove,totaloverheadvarianceiscausedbyadministrationandinsurance.Eachfactorhas£200variance,sothetotaloverheadvarianceis£400anditisadverse.Duringtheprocessofchangingsupplier,thecompanyneededmoreexpenseonpublicrelationshipornegotiation,inaddition,inordertomaintainthenewmachinery,administrationcostwillbeincreasedtoo.Forinsuranceaside,theimprovementofmachinerywillneedmoreinsurancefeestocover,whichalsocontributestotheincreaseofinsurancefeeofnewemployees.PartBSelectionandapplicationoftwoinvestmentappraisaltechniquesAsthecompanyiskeentorecoupthecostoftheinvestmentwithinfiveyears,IwillchoosePaybackperiodandNetPresentValuetohelpmecompletetheapprais