2023终极八篇第七篇原文+题目.docx

Theworldisonthebrinkofareal-timerevolutionineconomics,asthequalityandtimelinessofinformationaretransformed.BigfirmsfromAmazontoNetflixalreadyuseinstantdatatomonitorgrocerydeliveriesandhowmanypeoplearegluedto,SquidGame".Thepandemichasledgovernmentsandcentralbankstoexperiment,frommonitoringrestaurantbookingstotrackingcardpayments.Theresultsarestillrudimentary,butasdigitaldevices,sensorsandfastpaymentsbecomeubiquitous,theabilitytoobservetheeconomyaccuratelyandspeedilywillimprove.Thatholdsopenthepromiseofbetterpublic-sectordecision-makingaswellasthetemptationforgovernmentstomeddle.Badandlatedatacanleadtopolicyerrorsthatcostmillionsofjobsandtrillionsofdollarsinlostoutput.ThefinancialcrisiswouldhavebeenalotlessharmfulhadtheFederalReservecutinterestratestonearzeroinDecember2007,whenAmericaenteredrecession,ratherthaninDecember2008,wheneconomistsatlastsawitinthenumbers.Patchydataaboutavastinformaleconomyandrottenbankshavemadeitharderforlndia,spolicymakerstoendtheircountry'slostdecadeoflowgrowth.Thepandemichas,however,becomeacatalystforchange.Withoutthetimetowaitforofficialsurveystorevealtheeffectsofthevirusorlockdowns,governmentsandcentralbankshaveexperimented,trackingmobilephones,contactlesspaymentsandthereal-timeuseofaircraftengines.InsteadoflockingthemselvesintheirstudiesforyearswritingthenextoGeneraITheory",today,sstareconomists,suchasRajChettyatHarvardUniversity,runwell-staffedlabsthatcrunchnumbers.FirmssuchasJPMorganChasehaveopeneduptreasurechestsofdataonbankbalancesandcredit-cardbills,helpingrevealwhetherpeoplearespendingcashorhoardingit.Thereal-timerevolutionpromisestomakeeconomicdecisionsmoreaccurate,transparentandrules-based.Butitalsobringsdangers.Newindicatorsmaybemisinterpreted:isaglobalrecessionstartingorisUberjustlosingmarketshare?Theyarenotasrepresentativeorfreefrombiasasthepainstakingsurveysbystatisticalagencies.Bigfirmscouldhoarddata,givingthemanundueadvantage.PrivatefirmssuchasFacebook,whichlaunchedadigitalwalletthisweek,mayonedayhavemoreinsightintoconsumerspendingthantheFeddoes.Infactnoamountofdatacanreliablypredictthefuture.Unfathomablycomplex,dynamiceconomiesrelynotonBigBrotherbutonthespontaneousbehaviourofmillionsofindependentfirmsandconsumers.Instanteconomicsisn'taboutinsightfuloromnipotent.Insteaditspromiseisplainbuttransformative:better,timelierandmorerationaldecision-making.Ql:AneconomicrevolutionisabouttocomeasA. BigfirmscontrolmoreinstantdataB. Governmentsmakebetterpublic-sectordecisionsC. DigitaltechnologytakestheleadD. MoremonitoringdevicesaredeployedQ2:TheexampleofthefinancialcrisisismentionedtoA. HighlightthehazardnessoflowinterestrateB. StressthenecessityoftimelydataC. IllustateaglobaleconomiccorruptionD. JustifytheusefulnessofpatchydataQ3:Whichofthefollowingstatementistrueaboutthereal-timerevolution?A. ThepandemichashindereditB. ItmaynotserveditsintendedpurposeC. Itrevealsstatisticalagencies'specialtyD. Itmayfosterbigtech,sgreedyQ4:Theword“omnipotent”(line4,paragraphs)isclosestinmeaningtoA. All-powerfulB. revolutionalC.dependableD.rationalityQ5:Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A. Instantdata:originofthemisinterpretationB. Pandemiccrisis:catalystfortheinformativerevolutionC. Instanteconomy:perfectmodelforfutureD. Instanteconomy:makingthewoldbetter