Fuel Cell Hybrid Drive Train:燃料电池混合动力传动系统.docx
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Fuel Cell Hybrid Drive Train:燃料电池混合动力传动系统.docx
FuelCellHybridDriveTrainMasterThesisinEnergyEngineeringJanuary2021PatrykKinnSupervisors:JoachimLindstromAzraSelimovic1.arsBackstromExaminatior:RobertEklundAbstractThisthesispresentsafuelcellhybriddrivetrainstudyofa26tondistributiontruckregardingthefuelconsumption.TheinvestigationismadeusingamodelimplementedinSimulink.TheconceptvehicleisaVolvoFM9,wheretheconventionaldieselpowertrainisreplacedbyanelectricaldrivesystem.TheelectricalpropulsionmotorispoweredbyaprotonexchangemembranefuelcellassistedbyaLi-ionpoweroptimisedbattery.Thepowerratingsoftheinvestigatedfuelcellsarebetween150kWand350kWandtheinvestigatedbatterycapacitiesrangefrom4.5kWhto22.6kWh.Twodrivecycles,whereonerepresentsurbandistributionwithnoroadinclineandtheotherrepresentssuburbandistributionincludingroadinclineareused.Byimplementingthreedifferentpowercontrolstrategies,itisshownthatthefuelconsumptioncanbereducedbyupto56%comparedtotheconventionaldieselreferencevehicle.Theurbandistributiondrivecycleisfoundmoresuitableforthefuelcellvehicleapplication.A250kWfuelcelland13.6kWhbatteryconfigurationissuggestedfortheurbandistributiondrivecycle,reducingthefuelconsumptionby53%.Forthesuburbandistributiondrivecyclethesuggestedconfigurationconsistsofa350kWfuelcellanda17.8kWhbattery,reducingthefuelconsumptionby25%.AcknowledgementsThereareseveralpeoplethatIwouldliketomentionandthankexplicitlyfortheircontributionsduringthisthesiswork.Thesepeopleare: JoachimJindstromwhosupervisedmeandcontributedgreatlybyhisknowledgeandexperiencewithinthefieldofelectricmachines.Iamgratefulforhiswarm,experiencedandopenmindedguidanceduringtheentireworkingprocessandsupportduringthefinalisationofthereport. AzraSelimovic,foransweringthatveryphonecallduringhertimeabroadthatledtotheworkonthisthesisandforinitiatingthisproject.Iappreciateheradviceduringmywork. AndreasBoden,whotogetherwhitAzrainitiatedthisprojectandhandleditovertotheexperiencedguidanceofJoachim. PaulAdamswhocontributedwithexpertiseonissuesregardinghydrogenstorageandtheEnglishlanguage. JensGrootwhoprovidedthebatterymodelandpatientlyansweredallmyquestions. MikaelHolber,forcompanionshipandinterestingconversationsaboutfuelcelltechnology,martialartsandargentinetango. Theentiregroup6120forthewarmwelcomingIreceived,forcontinuouslyansweringmyquestionsandforgenerouslyprovidingabroadspectrumofexpertise.NomenclatureAA/FIwheelgSJ-IhHEVICEI-SAM1wheelioK1.HVdiesel1.HVh2IfactorMMH2MairmFrontAreaofthevehicleTafelequationconstantVehicleaccelerationFuelcellstackareaDragcoefficientRollingfrictionElectricalVehicleFaradayconstantFuelCellVehicleDragforceForceduetomomentofinertiaofthewheelsForceduetogravityForceduetorollingresistanceSumoftheexternalforcesTractionforceAccelerationofgravityGibbsfreeenergyTotalhydrogenconsumptionHybridElectricVehicleInternalCombustionEngineIntegratedStarterAlternatorMotorMomentofinertiaofthewheelsMomentofinertiaofthemotorCurrentdensityExchangecurrentdensitySpecificheatratio1.owerheatingvalueofdiesel1.owerheatingvalueofhydrogen1.engthfactorVehicleMassMolarmassofhydrogenMolarmassofairMasstransportconstantmMasstransportconstantnNumberofcellsCompressorinletpressureCompressoroutletpressureCompressorpowerPowerenteringthefuelcellPowerdeliveredbythefuelcellMotorpowerMaximummotorpowerWheelpowerAmbientpressurePartialpressuresofhydrogenPartialpressuresofwatervapourSaturationpressureofwaterP2RrrfSOCTTwheellllTm,naxTinTmodeKniaxVocVoOCVVbaseVmaxXgearS0CVohinactVmassTfc,system(icdciselo9h2PartialpressuresofoxygenGasconstantWheelradiusArea-specificresistanceStateofchargeTemperatureWheeltorqueMotortorqueMaximummotortorqueInlettemperatureMaximumoriginaloutputtorqueOpencircuitvoltageOpencircuitvoltageatstandardpressureandtemperatureVehiclespeedVehiclespeedcorrespondingtomotorbasespeedMaximumvehiclespeedGearratioDeltastareofchargeOhmicresistancelossesActivationlossesMasstransportationlossesFuelcellsystemefficiencyDC/DCconverterefficiencyIsentropicefficiencyElectricefficiencyTotalmechanicalderivelineefficiencyInclineangleMolarflowofhydrogenairPairPdieselCOm(OnunotorCOtiuixtWheeICOwheeI(0wleelMolarflowofairAirdensityDieseldensityMotorspeedMaximummotorspeedMaximumwheelspeedWheelspeedWheelaccelerationTableofcontentIntroduction1Thefuelcellvehicle1Prerequisites3Purposeandgoal3Conceptvehicle3Dataandperformancespecification4Drivecycles4Sizing5Performance7Drivecycle10Themodelandcomponents11Thedriver11Thefuelcellsystem11Thefueltank12Thefuelcell13Thecompressor16Theauxiliaryload17Theelectricmotor17Thefinalgear19Thevehiclebody19Thebattery20Thecontroller20Controlstrategy20Powerdemand21Simulations21Batteryandfuelcellsizes21DeltaSOCcor