神经病学历年题汇总.docx
神经病学历年题一.单项选择题历年经验:绝大部分在宝典上。真题整理:I.Paralysiswithuppermotorneuronlesionmustbeconsideredbythefollowingcharacters,EXCEPT:A. Babinskisign;B. Increaseddeeptendonreflexes;C. Spasticcharacters;D. Pseudobulbarparalysis;E.Fasciculations.2. WhichoneofthefollowingsISN'ToneofthecomponentsofcircleofWillis?A. Internalcarotidartery;B. Middlecerebralartery;C. Anteriorcommunicatingartery;D. Posteriorcommunicatingartery;E. Posteriorcerebralartery.3. Thelocalizationoflowermotorneuronlesionsincludefollowingsites,EXCEPT:A. Anteriorhomcellsofspinalcord;B. Caudalequina;C. Conusmedullaris;D. Mesencephalicnucleusoftrigeminal;4. Pyramidaltract.5. 1.ocalizationOfcerebellarhemispherelesionsmustbeconsideredbythefollowingfindings,EXCEPT:A. Ipsilateralintentiontremor;B. IpsilateralClysdiadochokinesia;C. Ipsilateraldysmetria;D. Ipsilateralhypotonicity;E. IpsilateralParalysis.6. WhichofthefollowingsarethecorefeaturesofParkinson'sdisease?A. Bradykinesia,rigidity,andtremor;B. Rigidity,shufflinggait,andtremor;C. Rigidity,weakness,andtremor;D. Shufflinggait,akinesia,andweakness;E. Shufflinggait,pill-rolling,andakinesia.7. Aboutthefeaturesof"spinalshock",whichoneofthefollowingsisWRONG?A. Completeabsenceofreflexbelowtheleveloftheinjury;B. Completeabsenceofautonomicactivitybelowtheleveloftheinjury;C. Flaccidparalysis;D. Extensorplantarresponses;E. Alloftheabove-mentioned8. ThefollowingclinicalcriteriacanmakeadiagnosisofdefiniteMS(multiplesclerosis),butwhichonemustbeexcluded?A.Patientmusthavetwoseparatecentralnervoussystemlesions;9. Symptomsmusthaveoccurredintwoormoreseparateepisodes;10. Symptomsmustinvolvethewhitematter;11. Symptomsmustinvolvethegraymatter;12. NeurologicalexaminationmustshowobjectiveabnOrmalities.8. Female,40.Unilateralheadacheaccompaniednauseaandvomitingforfiveyearswithvariousintensity,1astedanaverageof24hours(arangeof5to72hours).Thegeneralmedicalandneurologicalexaminationsofthispatientarenormal.Themostlikelydiagnosticpossibilityis:A.Tensionheadache;B.Clusterheadache;C.Migraine;D.Secondaryheadache;E.Hypochondriasis.9. A40-yearsoldmandevelopedbilateralfacialweaknessanddifficultyinclimbingstairsforoneweekafterarespiratoryillness.Themostpossiblediagnosisis:A.Bell'spalsy;B.Multiplesclerosis;C.Periodicparalysis;D.Guillain-BarrGsyndrome;E.Motorneurondisease.10. AboutthemainpresentationofIncreasedintracranialpressure(ICP),whichoneofthefollowingsisthebest?A. Seizure,headache,papilledema;B. Seizure,vomiting,papilledema;C. Headache,vomiting,papilledema;D. Headache,seizure,focalneurologicalsigns;E. Vomiting,seizure,focalneurologicalsigns.11. TrigeminalneuralgiaisdescribedasabriefelectricshocktypepainlimitedtothedistributionofanybranchoftheTrigeminalnerve.Whichoneofthefollowingdrugsisthebestforitstreatment?A.Baclofen;BCarbamazepine;CVitaminB12;DValproate;EAlcoholblocks.12. MyastheniaGravis(MG)isadisorderofimpairingtheneuromuscularjunction.Thefollowingsarecorrect,EXCEPT:A.Thepatientshavenoabnormalityofmentalstate;B.Thepatientspresentwithmuscleweaknessandfatigue;C. ThehallmarkofMGispathologicfatigability;D. Eyefindingsare(hemostcommonwithptosis;E. MGmayeffectpupillarj,function.13.Musculardystrophiesaregeneticallydeteninedprimarydiseasesofmuscle,characterizedpathological1ybymusclefiberdegeneration.WhichoneofthefoilowingsisinheritedasX-Iinkedrecessivetraits?A. Myotonicdystrophy;B. Duchennemusculardystrophy;C. 1.imb-girdledystrophy;D. Oculopharyngealmusculardystrophy;E. Facioscapulohumeralmusculardystrophy;14. Transversemyelitisisasyndromeofacuteinflammationactingacrosstheentirespinalcord.Thefollowingdiagnosticevaluationshouldbecarriedout,EXCEPT:A.MRIofthespinalcord;BLumbarpuncture;CVitaminB12oftheserum;DSedimentationrate;EDNAanalysis.15. Whichofthefollowingdescriptionsabouttransientischemicattacks(TIAs)isthebest?A. TIAsaretemporarydysfunctionofbraintissuecausedbyinadequatebloodflow;B. CarotidarteryterritoryTIAsoftenproduceipsilateralhandandanweaknessandsensoryloss;C. TIAsrefertobrief,reversiblefocalneurologicaldeficitsthattheymustrecovercompletelywithin24hours;D. TIAslastonlyminutesandmayoccurinanyvaseularterritory;E. TIAsofthecarotidterritorj,includebiocularblindnessandtransienthemisphereattacks.16. WhichoneofthefollowingsiscorrectaboutcomponentpartsofCorpusStriatum?A.Paleostriatum,pallidum,andbasalganglia;B.Neostriatum,pallidum,andsubstantianigra;C.Lentifbrmnucleus,caudatenucleus,andpallidum;D.Pallidum,caudatenucleus,andneostriatum;E.Pallidum,putamennucleus,andcaudatenucleus.17. AboutthemainpresentationofIncreasedintracranialpressure,whichoneof(hefollowingsisthebest?A.Seizure,headache,papilledema;B. Seizure,vomiting,papilledema;C. Headache,vomiting,papilledema;D. Headache,seizure,focalneurologicalsigns;E. Vomiting,seizure,focalneurologicalsigns.18. Whichoneof(hefollowingsisacompleteneurolOgicalexamination?A. Mentalstatus,cranialnerves,coordinatefun