10选择性必修四Unit1语法语法被动语态复习（原卷版）.docx

10选择性必修四Unit1.语法：语法精讲精练被动语态复习一、被动语态语法图解广被动调态两种常用优况IV被语习动态T，动语态变为被动语为应注范的叫种情况I被动一态和过去分词作我语的差访T常见上功衣被动的情况不用懿动语态的及物动词曲丽1 .被动语态常用于以下两种情况：1.不知道谁是动作的执行存.或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者.Riceisgrownin(hesouthofChina.中国前方仲枝求精2 .强圜动作的承受者.ThetreeWasbrokenbythatboy.这株例是那令男孩弄断的，I1.将主动语态变为被动语态应注意的四种情况1 .含双其语的主动结构变为被动结构时.有两种方法：(I)间接宾语变为主语，互接宾语不变：(2)直接宾语变为主语，间接宾语用介词I。或foriJ,Heto1.dusastory.他给我们谢秋事。Wcwereto1.dastorybyhim.我们听(他科)故事。Astorywas(o1.dtousbyhim.故事由他怜我们讲.2 .动词短语视为一个整体,其后的介词或剧词不能省略.Shewi1.1.takegoodcareofthechi1.dren.她杵会好好做顾孩子们.-Thechi1.drenwi1.1.betakenjoodcareofbyher.孩子们将由他余好好照铺.3 .双合句通常将宾语变为被动句的主语,而宾语补足语就成为主语补足语。注意：省略UJ的不定式作宾语补足语时，不定式符号to必须补上.SomeonesawhimswimintheIakeyesterday.昨天人看见他在湖里浒沐.Hewasseentoswiminthe1.akeyesterday.咋天他被看见在沏里浒泳.4 .特殊疑问句转换成被动句时要注意词序：-般用“By+疑问词”开头。Whohasbrokenthecup?诳打碎了杯子？Bywhomhasthecupbeenbroken?杯子校谁打碎了？【即学即然】完成句子MyEng1.ishnameisWa1.ter.ItwhenIwasat（heuniversity.我的英文名是沃尔特.是我上大学时我的英语我段裕取的。Hcrmoneyandherpatienceisa1.sorunningout.她的线已经用完了，的讨心也要托尽了.bythemovingmovie.我被这部感人的电影弄哭了.HI.被动语态和过去分词作表语的差别I.意义荽别：被动语态强调动作；过去分词作表语描写人或犷物的特征及状态.ThCwindowisbrokenbyhim.窗子被他打破了。Thewindowisbroken.窗子破了。2.川法差别：过去分诃作表语时接近形容词的特征,可以被so.very,to。等程度剧词修饰：而被动喑态则不能用so,very,too等修饰，葡用much,verymuch,somuch,toomuch等修饰.Hewasveryinterestedinscience.他计科学有极大的兴葩。（系表结构）IwassomuchSUrPriMxIatthescenethat1didn'tknowwhattodo.我被那种埼面摘得大吃一惊,不如所拈，（被动语态）【即学即练2】判断下列句子是被动语态还是系表结构Iwasp1.easedtohearyou'vebeenPrOmO1.cd.Hewasp1.easedbyhisteacherspraise.Iwasquitesurpnscdwiththesignificanceofthefindings.EVCryOnCwassurprisedbythespeedwithwhichthedisputewassett1.ed.Iv常见主动表被动的情况1 .有些动诃(CUt»se1.1.read,write,fi1.1.cook.1.ock.wash,drive,keep等)常用E动形式表被动Thispenwritessmooth1.y.这支钠氧写起来很液Thiscarse1.1.swe1.1.这车很畅铸。2 .在某些形容词(hard,difficu1.t,easy,heavy,fit.good.Portab1.e,convenient,impossib1.e,convenient,cheap,expensive等)后的不定式用主动形式表被动，Eng1.ishiseasyto1.earn.英语很容易学Theboxisheavytocarry.这箱子充得输不动3 .在“半系动词+形容词''结构中，如1.ook,sme1.1.,taste,sound,fee1.,prove,turnout等，常用主动形式发被动.ThCfoodinthisrestauranttastesgd.这索然谊的t菜味道很好ThCnewsturnedout(tobe)true.这消息原来把A的。4 .need,want,require,deserve,beworth后面接动诃加X形式时主动表被动.Thenove1.kor(hreading.这本小说值得一读.Theo1.dhouserequiresrepairing.这所旧房子宵关修理【即学即练3】单句语法填空(DThiSkindofknife(cut)we1.1.YOUrwritingisrea1.1.ydifficu1.t(read).<)Theyanja1.1.masterpiecesworth(read).V.有些及物动词或短语不用于被动语态如：fit.have,wish,cost,notice,watch,agreewith,arriveatin.shakehandswith,succeedin,sut1.erfrom,happento.takepartin.be1.ongto.datefrom,backto等。Doyouajrevwiththedea1.?你同意这个交易吗？Itistruethatwemaysufferfromfai1.urefromtimetotime.However,itisimportantthatwenever1.osetheenthusiasmtokeepontr>ng.的确，我们有时会道交失败，然而，更委的是我们永远枳笑失去继埃努力的热情。【即学即练4】完成句子Dadto1.dmethat.卷卷告诉我邺是我的。ThCtraditionofdrinkingtea_在中国.喝茶的传统fit追溯到公元讷3000年.二、单句语法填空：1. The1.itt1.ehome(ainwhite,hwasSWgtandfresh.2. Itisca1.cu1.atedbydividingaperson'sweightinkgbytheirheightinmetressquared,andaBMIofbetween19and25(consider)hea1.thy.3. Peop1.etendtofocusonthefirstfactor.However,greaterattentionshou1.d(p1.ace)on1.ongevity(寿).4. Theartistwassurehewou1.d(choose),butWhenhepresentedInsmasterpiecetoIheenerorchiefminister,theo1.dman1.aughed.5. Onthe1.astdayofourweek-1.ongstay,we(inritc)toattendaprivateconcertonabeautifu1.tannontheNorthShoreunder(hestars.6. It(bui1.d)Ongina1.1.ytoprotectthecityintheTangdynastyandhasnowbeenp1.ctc1.yrestored(修复).7. Itdoesn'timpress1.ikeGeorgeWashington'sp1.antationonthePotomac,but1.inco1.n'shomeindowntownSpringfie1.d.I1.1.inois,(prove)irresistib1.etovisitorssinceitopenedtothepub1.ic.X.Manyaway(use)topreventthepo1.1.ution,buttheskyissti1.1.notc1.ear.9.Theyarvnove1.s,p1.aysandpoemsthat(write)a1.ongtimeagoandweresowe1.1.writtenthatpeop1.esti1.1.readthemnowadays.1.1 1havebeeninformed(hattheexhibition(ho1.d)nextweek.11. Theyaregoing(send)toworkinTibetfortwoyears.12. Doyouhaveanyprob1.emsifyou(oftcr)thisjob?We1.1.,mthinkingabout(hesa1.ary.13. ThoughWCdon'tknowwhatisbeingdiscussed,yetwecanfee1.thetopic(change).14. Muchprogress(make)inChinawiththehe1.pofthepeop1.e'shardwork.15. Nowadays,morenewtechno1.ogies(app1.y)inthefie1.dofIT.16. Theshopassistantwasdismissedasshe(accuse)ofcheatingcustomers.17. Youarcnota1.1.owedtogointothemeetingroom.Asecretp1.an(discuss)there.18. Thesurfaceofthistab1.efee1.ssosmooth.1thinkitiswe1.1.worth(buy).19. PicmanagerwashappytoIearn1.haIfour-fifthsofthetickets(book).20. Havingatripabroadiscertain1.ygoodtorthestudents,butitremains(see)whethertheywi1.1.enjoyit.21. Manyastudent(send)top1.anttessofar.22. Ifyouarccaughtsmokinginthisarea,you(fine)bythepo1.ice.23. Whatwi1.1.youdoifyou(bite)bymosquitoesathisvcr)moment?24. Inrecvn1.years,StrCsS(regard)asacauseofawho1.erangeofmedica1.prob1.ems,frmhighb1.oodpressuretomenta1.i1.1.ness.25. Steamengines(use)(opu1.1.thecarriagesandi