人民大2024管理学原理（第10版）英文教师手册robbinscoulter_fom10_im_03.docx

CHAPTER3INTEGRATIVEMANAGERIA1.ISSUES1.EARNINGOUTCOMES/Mterreadingthischapter,studentsshouldbeableto:3-1.Explainglobalizationanditsimpactonorganizations.32.Discusshowsociety,sexpectationsareinfluencingmanagersandorganizations.33,Discussthefactorsthatleadtoethicalandunethicalbehaviorinorganizations.3-4.Describehowtheworkforceischanginganditsimpactonthewayorganizationsaremanaged.ManagemeIltMythMYTH:Employeesarelessethicaltodaythaninthepast.TRUTH:Ethicalmi!>conductisatanall-timelow.SUMMARYThe11cdiamaybeIhecauseofthismyth.Topicslha(arepublicizedarenotalwaysinlinewithcurrentpraciices.TheideaIha1.“goodnewsdoesn'tsellnewspapers/'hassometruthtoit.Theissueofemployeesbehavingethicallyisanimportantonetortoda>psmanagers.IIowever,managersalsofaceotherimportantissuesassociatedwithglobalizationandwithemployingandengagingadiverseglobalworkforce.Becauseeachofthesetopics-diversity,globalizalion.andehicssocialresponsibility-areintegratedthroughoutmanyaspectsofwhatmanagersdoandhowtheymanage,we,regoingtolookcloserattheseintegrativemanagerialissuesinthischapter.TeachingTip:Discussthiscasewithstudents,askingthem:Haveyouseenanyunethicalconductinyourworkplaceandifso.howwasthishandled?I.VVHTISG1.OBA1.IZATIONANDHOWDOESITAFFECTORGANIZATIONS?A. Introduction1. Managementisnolongerconstrainedbynationalborders.a) MiyoreventssuchascatastrophicnaturaldisastersandtheglobaleconomicmeltdownofthePaSlfewyearshavecreatedchallengesformanagersdoingbusinessglobally.b) BMW.aGerman-ownedfirm,buildsCarSinSouthCarolina.c) McDonald'ssellshamburgersinChina.d) Theworldhasbecomeaglobalvillage,aIxnindarjtIcssworldwheregoodsandscr,iccsarcproducedandmarketedworldwide.2. Tobeeffectiveinthisboundarylcssworld,managersneedtoadapt.B. WhatdoesitmeantoBeGlobal?1. Organizationsarcconsideredglobaliftheyexchangegoodsandserviceswithconsumersinothercountries.Thismarketplaceglobalizationisthemostcommonapproachtobeingglobal.2. Manyorganizationsarcconsideredglobalbecausetheyusemanagerialandtechnicalemployeetalentfromothercountries.3. Anorganizationcanbeconsideredglobalifitusesfinancialsourcesandresourcesoutsideitshomecountry,alsoknownastlnancialglobalization.C. HowDoOrganizationsGoGlobal?1. AnorganisationgoingglobaltypicallyproceedsthroughstagesasshowninExhibit3-1.2. Thefirststeptowardgoinginternationalmaystartwithglobalsourcing(alsocalledglobaloutsourcing),whichispurchasingmaterialsorlaborfromaroundtheworldwhereveritisthecheapest.a)Ascompaniesthinkaboutthebestplaces(odobusiness,theyfacechoicesofoffshore,onshore,ornearshore.Then,asacompanytakesthatnextstepingoingglobal,eachsuccessivestagebeyondglobalsourcingrequiresmoreinvestmentandthusentailsmoreriskforeachorganization.3. Thenextstepmayinvolveexporting-makingproductsdomesticallyandsellingthemabroad.4. Anorganizationmightdoimporting,oracquiringproductsmadeabroadandsellingthemdomestically.a)Bothusuallyentailminimalinvestmentandrisk.5. 1.icensingorfranchising,involveoneorganizationgivinganotherorganizationtherighttouseitsbrandname,technology,orproductspecificationsinreturnforalumpsumpaymentorafee.a)Theonlydifferenceisthatlicensingisprimarilyusedbymanufacturingorganizationsthatmakeorsellanothercompany'sproducts,andfranchisingisprimarilyusedbySerVieeorganizationsthatwanttouseanothercompany'snameandoperatingmethods.6. Directinvestmentsmayinclude:a) Aglobalstrategicalliance-apartnershipbetweenanorgani41lionandaforeigncompanypartnerorpartners.b) JointventuresareaspecificIypeofstrategicallianceinwhichthepartnersformaseparate,independentorganizationforsomebusinesspurpose.1) ThesepartnershipsProVidCarelalivdyeasywayforcompaniestocompeteglobally.c) AoreignSUbSi(IiHryiSaseparatearlindependentfacilityoroffice.Thegreateslcommitment(andrisk)occurswhentheorganizationseisupaforeignsubsidiary.D. WhatAretheDifferentTypesofGiohalOrganizations?1. MultinationalcompaniesorMNCsareanytypeofinternationalcompanyIhalnainlains<>pe11lionsinrnuhiplecountries.a)CompaniessuchasJohnDeere,Ford,andSonyareexamples.2. TypesofMNCs:a) Amltidomesticcorporation-decentralizesmanagementandotherdecisionstothelocalcountrywhereitisdoingbusiness.b) Transnationalorborderlessorganization-companiesthatuseanarrangementthateliminatesartificialgeographicalbarriers.c) GlobalCorporation-centralizesitsmanagementandotherdecisionsinthehomecountry.E. WhatDoManagersNeedtoKnowAboutManaginginaGlobalOrganization?1. Aglobalworldpresentsnewchallengesformanagers.a>U.S.managersinthepastheldaratherparochialviewoftheworldofbusiness.b)Parochialismisanarrowfocusinwhichmanagersseethingsonlythroughtheirowneyesandfromtheirownperspectives.I>Thisviewcan,tsucceedinaglobalvillage,norisitthedominantviewheldtoday.2>Tallcountrieshavedifferentvalues,morals,customs,politicalandeconomicsystems,andlaws,allofwhichcanaffecthowabusinessismanaged.3) Organizationalsuccesscancomefromavarietyofmanagerialpractices.4>Forexample,statusisperceiveddifferentlyindifferentcountries:(1)