Manual of Rural Wood Preservation.docx

ManualofRuralWoodPreservationMICROFICHEREFERENCE1.IBRARYAprojectofVolunteersinAsiaManualofRuralWoodPreservationPublishedby:EorestProductsResearchCentreOfficeofForestsP.O.Box5055BorokoPaPUaNewGuineaPapercopiesare$250.AvaiIablefrom:EorestProductsResearchCentreOfficeofForestsP.O.Box5055BorokoPaPUaNewGuineaReproducedbypermissionoftheForestProductsResearchCentre,OfficeofForestslPapuaNewGuinea.Reproductionofthismicrofichedocumentinanyformissubjecttothesamerestrictionsisthoseoftheoriginaldocument.1.P2NDEDITIONJUNE.1975PREFACEPreservativetreatmentofsawntimberbytheDipDiffusionprocesshasbeenanintegralpartofthetimberutilisationprograminPaPUaNewGuineaformorethantenyears.Thishasmainbenefitedthesophisticatedurbandweller.Thisbooklet,preparedbytheEorestProductsResearchbranchofmyDepartment,describesmethodsformakingtraditionalbuildingmaterialssuchaspoles,bamboo,etc.,moredurable.Itishopedthat1.ocalGovernmentCounciIs,Governmentandprivateorganisationsandparticularlytheordinaryvillagerwillfindituseful.TheHonourableBruceJephcott1'OKWARDThisisthesecondeditionoftheManualofRuralWoodPreservationandrepresentsarevisedandreducedversionofthe1stedition.ThismanualisintendedforusebypeopleinruralareasofPapuaNewGuineawheresophisticatedtechniquesforwoodpreservationarenotavailableand/ornotapplicable.Inthe1steditiontheprocessdescriptionswerewrittenbyMrP.1.attey,aCDSOvolunteer,insimplectraight-forwardEnglishforthelayman.Mr1.attey,sstylehasbeenretainedinthissecondedition,butcertainsectionshavebeenrevisedordeletedinthelightofourexperience,c/DepartmentofForests1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.PHOTOCREDITSIV7ilU1.OFRURA1.WOODPRESERVATIONTAB1.EOFCONTENTSWOODDESTROYINGINSECTSANDFUNGIinsectsTermites1.yctusBeetlesRotBUI1.DINGPRACTICEMATERIA1.ANDUSEPolesWetServiceDryServiceMarineServiceCladdingWoovenBambooShinglesWeatherboardsBUYINGTREATEDWOOD.VacuumPressureB.DipDiffusionTREATMENTMETHODSFORRURA1.AREASA.SapReplacementB.OctaborDiffusionforPolesc.C.C.A.soakofBambooD.OctaborDiffusionofBambooE.TheuseofWaterP?pclIantPreservativeAPPENDICES1.TheChemicalPreservatives.2.ObtainingPreservatives3.AntidotesForestProducts1.aboratoryDivisionofBuildingResearch,C.S.I.R.O.,Me1bourne,Australia.ForestProductsResearchCentre,DepartmentofForests,PortMoresby,P.N,G.DepartmentofForests,PortMoresby,P.N.G.Page1291111i112121.7202224Fig.1,2,3.Fig.4,5,6.Fig.7,0,9,10,11.-11.INTRODUCTIONThepeop1eofPapuaNewGuineahavebeenusingwoodfortheirhouses,fences,carvingsandtools,eversincetheyarrivedinthecountry.Woodhasbeen,andstillis,themostimportantbuildingmaterialinthiscountry.However,therehasalwaysbeenastruggletomakethingsmadeoutofwoodlastlonger.Inthiscountry,therearemanydifferentagentsthatdestroywood.Termiteseatit,beetlesboreholesinit,andfungirotit.Usually,thewoodmustbereplacedeveryfewyears.Formanyyearsnow,nearlyal1ofthesawntimberproducedbysawmillshasbeentreatedwithpreservativef-ytheDipDiffusionMethod.ThistreatmenthassavedtheGovernmentandprivatepeoplealotofmoney.Ithasprotectedthesawntimberintheirbuildingsfromtermites,beetlesandrot.WcwouldnowliketohelpthepeopleofPapuaNewGuineawhousebushmaterialsfortheirhomes,toprotectthesematerialsfromtermites,beetlesandrotaswell.Thisbookistotellthepeopleinruralareashowtheycantreatthewoodintheirhousessothatitwillalsobeproteted.：-Therearemanydifferentmethodsoftreatingbuildingmaterialstoprotectthem.Somemethodsuseequipmentthatisonlyavailableinafewpartsofthecountry.Someuseverysimpleequipment.Theydonotal1doanequallygoodjob.Somearebetterthanothers.Whei-eyeryouare,youshouldpickthemethodthatisthebestfromthoseavaiIabietoyou.Woodthathasbeentreatedbythemethodsinthisbookshouldlastmany_timeslongerthanwoodthathasnotbeentreated.1.otsoftreesthatcannotbeusednow,becausetheyarequicklydestroyedbyinsectsorrot,canbeusedaftertheyhavebeentreated.Theywillthenlastaslongasthebestkindofuntreatedtrees.Readonthroughtherestofthebooklet.Ifyoufindsomethingthatyoudonotunderstand,orwanthelpinchoosingthebestwoodrthencontacttheForestryDepartment.YoucaneithercontacttheForestryOfficernearwhereyou1ive,orwritetousat:BushPreservationForestProductsResearchCentreP.O.Box1358BOROKOP.N.G.Telephone:PortMoresby256555.22.WOODDESTROYINGINSECTSANDFUNGIAtreeislikeanyotherlivingthing.Itisal-daysbeingattackedbyvariousinsectsanddiseases.Itisattackedwhileitisgrowingintheforestandafterithasbeencutdown.Inthismanua1wearenotconcernedwiththetreebeforeitiscutdown.Wcareconcernedwiththethingsthatattackthetreeafterithasbeencutdown.Becausethetreeisusuallyattackedassoonasitiscutdown,itisimportantthatitisbroughtoutoftheforestasquicklyaspossible.The1ongcrthtthetreeIieSonthegroundintheforest,thenthemoreitwillbeeatenbyinsects,orrottedaway.WOODROT:Woodrotordecayiscausedbyverysmallplantscalledfungi.1.ikealllivingthings,fungineedscertainthingstogrow.Theyneedfood,airandwater.Ifwecankeepanyofthesethingsawayfromthewood-rottingfungi,theywii1notgrow.1.etuslookatthem.FoodThefoodthatthewood-rottingIungiliveanisthewooditself.siteatsthewood,thewoodgetsweakerandweakerunti1finallyitcollapses.Thewaytostopthisfromhappeningistopoisonthewoodsothatthefungica