美国名人 艺术家 安迪·沃霍尔.docx

美国名人艺术家安迪沃霍尔AndyWarhol,1928-1987:TheFatherofPopArtplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-18:43repeatByDanaDemange2010-9-4Photo:APAndyWarholwasmuchmorethanjustapainter.Hewasalsoafilmmaker,publisher,andmanagerofarockband.STEVEEMBER:I'mSteveEmber.BARBARAK1.EIN:AndI'mBarbaraKleinwithPEOP1.EINAMERICAinVOASpecialEnglish.TodaywetellaboutAndyWarholzoneofthemostinfluentialpeopleinAmericanmodernart.Warholwasbestknownforhisbrightcoloredimagesoffamouspeopleandfoodcans.Throughbothhisartandlifestyleheexploredthenatureoffame,popularculture,andthemedia.Hisartisticinfluenceandunusualpersonalityredefinedthemodernartworld.(MUSIC)STEVEEMBER:AndyWarholwasnotalwaysfamousaroundtheworld.Hewasborninnineteentwenty-eightinPittsburgh,Pennsylvania.HisparentswereimmigrantsfromCzechoslovakia.TheirlastnamewasWarhola,whichAndylatershortenedtoWarhol.AsachildAndyspentagreatdealoftimesickinbed.Whilehewasrecovering,hewoulddrawpictures.Whenhisfatherdied,heleftenoughmoneyforAndytoattendartschool.AndyWarholattendedtheCarnegieInstituteofTechnologywherehestudiedpictorialdesign.Pictorialdesignistheartofcreatingimagesanddrawings.OftenthesedrawingsareusedintheproductionOfadvertisementsandmagazines.BARBARAK1.曰N:Innineteenforty-nineWarholmovedtoNewYorkCitytoworkasacommercialartist.Hedrewpicturesformagazinesandadvertisements.Hebecameverysuccessful.DuringthenineteenfiftiesWarholdrewimagesformanyimportantmagazinessuchas"Vogue"and"Harper'sBazaar."Healsobecameverywellknownforaseriesofadshemadeforshoes.Warholusedhisexperienceincommercialartasanentryintofineart.HebeganhispaintingcareeraspartofthePopArtmovement.Thismovementwasatitsstrongestduringthenineteensixties.moma.orgAndyWarholpaintedseveralpicturesoftheactressMarilynMonroe.STEVEEMBER:PopArtwasdefinedbyimagesofmaterialgoodsandpopularculture.Popartistsrejectedtheseriousnatureoftheartworld.Todothis,theseartistspaintedorprintedeverydayimagesofthingsthatusuallyarenotconsideredart.Theseimagesincludedphotographsfrommagazines,drinkadvertisementsanddrawingsfrompopularcomicstrips.BARBARAK1.日N:SomecriticssaythatPopArtwasareactiontoAbstractExpressionism.ArtistsoftheAbstractExpressionistmovementtookthemselvesveryseriously.Theydidnotapproveofpopularculture.Theythoughtartistsshouldnotbeconcernedwithsuchunimportantpartsofculture.Popartists,however,celebratedpopularcultureinallofitsforms.Theyapprovedofusingmassmediaandmassproductionasaninfluenceintheirart.PopArtalsoreflectedtheriseinwealthandtheimportanceofowningthingsthatAmericaexperiencedinthenineteenfifties.OneartcriticdefinedPopartaspopular,low-cost,young,mass-producedandsexy.(MUSIC)STEVEEMBER:OneofWarhol'sfirstexhibitswasinnineteensixty-two.Hecreatedthirty-twopaintingsofredandwhitesoupcans.Thesepaintingsshooktheartworld.ThesoupcanslookedlikethesoupproducedbyoneofAmerica'smostpopularfoodcompanies,Campbell's.Everypaintinglookedthesameexceptforthewordswrittenonthecanthatdescribedthedifferentkindsofsoup.Warholusedaverysmoothpaintingmethodsotheartworkalmostdidnotlookhand-made.Thepaintingslookedliketheycameoutthesamefactorythatmadethesoupcans.Noonehadeverseenartlikethis.WarholalsomadepaintingsusingimagessuchasCocaColabottles,dollarsymbols,andpopularcleaningproducts.Hetookthemosteverydayobjectsandturnedthemintofineart.BARBARAK1.EIN:Warholsoonstartedmakingsilk-screenprints.Thismethodofreproductionpermittedtheartisttomakemanyimagesveryquickly.Hewouldoftenrepeatthesamepicturemanytimesinoneartwork.Helikedtheideaofmassproducedart.Heoncesaidthathethoughteveryoneshouldthinkalikeandbelikeamachine.Infact,theplacewherehecreatedhisartwascalledTheFactory.Hehadmanyassistantswhohelpedhimproducehisart.STEVEEMBER:Warholexploredmanyothersubjects.Forexample,hemadeaseriesofpaintingsondeathanddisaster.Theseworksshowedimagesofcaraccidentsandexecutions.HealsomadepicturesoffamouspeoplesuchastheactressMarilynMonroeandthesingerElvisPresley.Warholwasveryinterestedinfame.Hecelebratedfamouspeopleandtheycelebratedhim.BARBARAK1.EIN:AndyWarholoncesaidsomethingaboutfamethatbecameverypopularandisstillrepeatedtoday.Hesaidthatinthefuture,everybodywillbefamousforfifteenminutes.Warholcertainlyenjoyedbeingwellknown.Hecreatedaveryunusualpublicpersonality.Hewouldwearstrangewigsonhisheadmadeofwhitehair.Hewouldgoouteverynighttopartiesandothersocialgatheringswheretherewerebeautifulandimportantpeople.Hewouldtalktoreportersinaveryshymanner.Oftenhewouldprovideunclearanswerstotheirquestions.HereisarecordingofAndyWarholbeingaskedabouthisart.Itisfromanineteenninety-onedocumentaryfilmaboutWarhol'slife.moma.orgAndyWarholwasalsowellknownforhismanyflowerpaintings.QUESTION:"Andy,doyouthinkthatpoparthassortofreachedthepointwhereit'sbecomingrepetitious?"WARHO1.:"Uh,yes."QUESTION:"Doyouthinkitshouldbreakawayfrombeingpopart?"WARHO1.:"Uh,no."QUESTION:"Areyoujustgoingtocarryon?"WARHO1.:"Uh,yes."STEVEEMBER:AndyWarholwasmuchmorethanjustapainter.Hewasalsoafilmmaker,publisher,andmanagerofarockband.Forexample,heproducedseverallowbudgetartfilmsintheearlynineteensixties.Onewascalled"Empire